540 lines
14 KiB
C
540 lines
14 KiB
C
// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
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/* WARNING: This implemenation is not necessarily the same
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* as the tcp_cubic.c. The purpose is mainly for testing
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* the kernel BPF logic.
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*
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* Highlights:
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* 1. CONFIG_HZ .kconfig map is used.
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* 2. In bictcp_update(), calculation is changed to use usec
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* resolution (i.e. USEC_PER_JIFFY) instead of using jiffies.
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* Thus, usecs_to_jiffies() is not used in the bpf_cubic.c.
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* 3. In bitctcp_update() [under tcp_friendliness], the original
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* "while (ca->ack_cnt > delta)" loop is changed to the equivalent
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* "ca->ack_cnt / delta" operation.
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*/
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#include <linux/bpf.h>
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#include <linux/stddef.h>
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#include <linux/tcp.h>
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#include "bpf_tcp_helpers.h"
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char _license[] SEC("license") = "GPL";
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#define clamp(val, lo, hi) min((typeof(val))max(val, lo), hi)
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#define BICTCP_BETA_SCALE 1024 /* Scale factor beta calculation
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* max_cwnd = snd_cwnd * beta
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*/
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#define BICTCP_HZ 10 /* BIC HZ 2^10 = 1024 */
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/* Two methods of hybrid slow start */
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#define HYSTART_ACK_TRAIN 0x1
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#define HYSTART_DELAY 0x2
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/* Number of delay samples for detecting the increase of delay */
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#define HYSTART_MIN_SAMPLES 8
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#define HYSTART_DELAY_MIN (4000U) /* 4ms */
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#define HYSTART_DELAY_MAX (16000U) /* 16 ms */
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#define HYSTART_DELAY_THRESH(x) clamp(x, HYSTART_DELAY_MIN, HYSTART_DELAY_MAX)
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static int fast_convergence = 1;
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static const int beta = 717; /* = 717/1024 (BICTCP_BETA_SCALE) */
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static int initial_ssthresh;
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static const int bic_scale = 41;
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static int tcp_friendliness = 1;
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static int hystart = 1;
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static int hystart_detect = HYSTART_ACK_TRAIN | HYSTART_DELAY;
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static int hystart_low_window = 16;
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static int hystart_ack_delta_us = 2000;
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static const __u32 cube_rtt_scale = (bic_scale * 10); /* 1024*c/rtt */
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static const __u32 beta_scale = 8*(BICTCP_BETA_SCALE+beta) / 3
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/ (BICTCP_BETA_SCALE - beta);
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/* calculate the "K" for (wmax-cwnd) = c/rtt * K^3
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* so K = cubic_root( (wmax-cwnd)*rtt/c )
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* the unit of K is bictcp_HZ=2^10, not HZ
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*
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* c = bic_scale >> 10
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* rtt = 100ms
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*
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* the following code has been designed and tested for
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* cwnd < 1 million packets
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* RTT < 100 seconds
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* HZ < 1,000,00 (corresponding to 10 nano-second)
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*/
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/* 1/c * 2^2*bictcp_HZ * srtt, 2^40 */
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static const __u64 cube_factor = (__u64)(1ull << (10+3*BICTCP_HZ))
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/ (bic_scale * 10);
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/* BIC TCP Parameters */
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struct bictcp {
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__u32 cnt; /* increase cwnd by 1 after ACKs */
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__u32 last_max_cwnd; /* last maximum snd_cwnd */
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__u32 last_cwnd; /* the last snd_cwnd */
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__u32 last_time; /* time when updated last_cwnd */
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__u32 bic_origin_point;/* origin point of bic function */
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__u32 bic_K; /* time to origin point
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from the beginning of the current epoch */
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__u32 delay_min; /* min delay (usec) */
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__u32 epoch_start; /* beginning of an epoch */
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__u32 ack_cnt; /* number of acks */
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__u32 tcp_cwnd; /* estimated tcp cwnd */
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__u16 unused;
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__u8 sample_cnt; /* number of samples to decide curr_rtt */
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__u8 found; /* the exit point is found? */
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__u32 round_start; /* beginning of each round */
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__u32 end_seq; /* end_seq of the round */
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__u32 last_ack; /* last time when the ACK spacing is close */
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__u32 curr_rtt; /* the minimum rtt of current round */
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};
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static inline void bictcp_reset(struct bictcp *ca)
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{
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ca->cnt = 0;
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ca->last_max_cwnd = 0;
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ca->last_cwnd = 0;
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ca->last_time = 0;
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ca->bic_origin_point = 0;
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ca->bic_K = 0;
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ca->delay_min = 0;
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ca->epoch_start = 0;
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ca->ack_cnt = 0;
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ca->tcp_cwnd = 0;
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ca->found = 0;
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}
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extern unsigned long CONFIG_HZ __kconfig;
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#define HZ CONFIG_HZ
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#define USEC_PER_MSEC 1000UL
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#define USEC_PER_SEC 1000000UL
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#define USEC_PER_JIFFY (USEC_PER_SEC / HZ)
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static __always_inline __u64 div64_u64(__u64 dividend, __u64 divisor)
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{
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return dividend / divisor;
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}
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#define div64_ul div64_u64
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#define BITS_PER_U64 (sizeof(__u64) * 8)
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static __always_inline int fls64(__u64 x)
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{
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int num = BITS_PER_U64 - 1;
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if (x == 0)
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return 0;
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if (!(x & (~0ull << (BITS_PER_U64-32)))) {
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num -= 32;
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x <<= 32;
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}
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if (!(x & (~0ull << (BITS_PER_U64-16)))) {
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num -= 16;
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x <<= 16;
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}
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if (!(x & (~0ull << (BITS_PER_U64-8)))) {
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num -= 8;
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x <<= 8;
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}
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if (!(x & (~0ull << (BITS_PER_U64-4)))) {
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num -= 4;
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x <<= 4;
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}
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if (!(x & (~0ull << (BITS_PER_U64-2)))) {
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num -= 2;
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x <<= 2;
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}
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if (!(x & (~0ull << (BITS_PER_U64-1))))
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num -= 1;
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return num + 1;
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}
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static __always_inline __u32 bictcp_clock_us(const struct sock *sk)
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{
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return tcp_sk(sk)->tcp_mstamp;
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}
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static __always_inline void bictcp_hystart_reset(struct sock *sk)
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{
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struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);
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struct bictcp *ca = inet_csk_ca(sk);
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ca->round_start = ca->last_ack = bictcp_clock_us(sk);
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ca->end_seq = tp->snd_nxt;
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ca->curr_rtt = ~0U;
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ca->sample_cnt = 0;
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}
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/* "struct_ops/" prefix is a requirement */
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SEC("struct_ops/bpf_cubic_init")
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void BPF_PROG(bpf_cubic_init, struct sock *sk)
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{
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struct bictcp *ca = inet_csk_ca(sk);
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bictcp_reset(ca);
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if (hystart)
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bictcp_hystart_reset(sk);
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if (!hystart && initial_ssthresh)
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tcp_sk(sk)->snd_ssthresh = initial_ssthresh;
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}
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/* "struct_ops" prefix is a requirement */
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SEC("struct_ops/bpf_cubic_cwnd_event")
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void BPF_PROG(bpf_cubic_cwnd_event, struct sock *sk, enum tcp_ca_event event)
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{
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if (event == CA_EVENT_TX_START) {
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struct bictcp *ca = inet_csk_ca(sk);
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__u32 now = tcp_jiffies32;
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__s32 delta;
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delta = now - tcp_sk(sk)->lsndtime;
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/* We were application limited (idle) for a while.
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* Shift epoch_start to keep cwnd growth to cubic curve.
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*/
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if (ca->epoch_start && delta > 0) {
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ca->epoch_start += delta;
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if (after(ca->epoch_start, now))
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ca->epoch_start = now;
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}
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return;
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}
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}
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/*
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* cbrt(x) MSB values for x MSB values in [0..63].
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* Precomputed then refined by hand - Willy Tarreau
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*
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* For x in [0..63],
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* v = cbrt(x << 18) - 1
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* cbrt(x) = (v[x] + 10) >> 6
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*/
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static const __u8 v[] = {
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/* 0x00 */ 0, 54, 54, 54, 118, 118, 118, 118,
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/* 0x08 */ 123, 129, 134, 138, 143, 147, 151, 156,
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/* 0x10 */ 157, 161, 164, 168, 170, 173, 176, 179,
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/* 0x18 */ 181, 185, 187, 190, 192, 194, 197, 199,
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/* 0x20 */ 200, 202, 204, 206, 209, 211, 213, 215,
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/* 0x28 */ 217, 219, 221, 222, 224, 225, 227, 229,
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/* 0x30 */ 231, 232, 234, 236, 237, 239, 240, 242,
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/* 0x38 */ 244, 245, 246, 248, 250, 251, 252, 254,
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};
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/* calculate the cubic root of x using a table lookup followed by one
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* Newton-Raphson iteration.
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* Avg err ~= 0.195%
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*/
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static __always_inline __u32 cubic_root(__u64 a)
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{
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__u32 x, b, shift;
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if (a < 64) {
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/* a in [0..63] */
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return ((__u32)v[(__u32)a] + 35) >> 6;
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}
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b = fls64(a);
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b = ((b * 84) >> 8) - 1;
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shift = (a >> (b * 3));
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/* it is needed for verifier's bound check on v */
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if (shift >= 64)
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return 0;
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x = ((__u32)(((__u32)v[shift] + 10) << b)) >> 6;
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/*
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* Newton-Raphson iteration
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* 2
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* x = ( 2 * x + a / x ) / 3
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* k+1 k k
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*/
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x = (2 * x + (__u32)div64_u64(a, (__u64)x * (__u64)(x - 1)));
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x = ((x * 341) >> 10);
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return x;
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}
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/*
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* Compute congestion window to use.
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*/
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static __always_inline void bictcp_update(struct bictcp *ca, __u32 cwnd,
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__u32 acked)
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{
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__u32 delta, bic_target, max_cnt;
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__u64 offs, t;
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ca->ack_cnt += acked; /* count the number of ACKed packets */
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if (ca->last_cwnd == cwnd &&
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(__s32)(tcp_jiffies32 - ca->last_time) <= HZ / 32)
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return;
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/* The CUBIC function can update ca->cnt at most once per jiffy.
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* On all cwnd reduction events, ca->epoch_start is set to 0,
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* which will force a recalculation of ca->cnt.
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*/
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if (ca->epoch_start && tcp_jiffies32 == ca->last_time)
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goto tcp_friendliness;
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ca->last_cwnd = cwnd;
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ca->last_time = tcp_jiffies32;
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if (ca->epoch_start == 0) {
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ca->epoch_start = tcp_jiffies32; /* record beginning */
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ca->ack_cnt = acked; /* start counting */
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ca->tcp_cwnd = cwnd; /* syn with cubic */
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if (ca->last_max_cwnd <= cwnd) {
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ca->bic_K = 0;
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ca->bic_origin_point = cwnd;
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} else {
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/* Compute new K based on
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* (wmax-cwnd) * (srtt>>3 / HZ) / c * 2^(3*bictcp_HZ)
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*/
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ca->bic_K = cubic_root(cube_factor
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* (ca->last_max_cwnd - cwnd));
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ca->bic_origin_point = ca->last_max_cwnd;
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}
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}
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/* cubic function - calc*/
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/* calculate c * time^3 / rtt,
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* while considering overflow in calculation of time^3
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* (so time^3 is done by using 64 bit)
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* and without the support of division of 64bit numbers
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* (so all divisions are done by using 32 bit)
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* also NOTE the unit of those veriables
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* time = (t - K) / 2^bictcp_HZ
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* c = bic_scale >> 10
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* rtt = (srtt >> 3) / HZ
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* !!! The following code does not have overflow problems,
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* if the cwnd < 1 million packets !!!
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*/
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t = (__s32)(tcp_jiffies32 - ca->epoch_start) * USEC_PER_JIFFY;
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t += ca->delay_min;
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/* change the unit from usec to bictcp_HZ */
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t <<= BICTCP_HZ;
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t /= USEC_PER_SEC;
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if (t < ca->bic_K) /* t - K */
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offs = ca->bic_K - t;
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else
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offs = t - ca->bic_K;
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/* c/rtt * (t-K)^3 */
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delta = (cube_rtt_scale * offs * offs * offs) >> (10+3*BICTCP_HZ);
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if (t < ca->bic_K) /* below origin*/
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bic_target = ca->bic_origin_point - delta;
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else /* above origin*/
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bic_target = ca->bic_origin_point + delta;
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/* cubic function - calc bictcp_cnt*/
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if (bic_target > cwnd) {
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ca->cnt = cwnd / (bic_target - cwnd);
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} else {
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ca->cnt = 100 * cwnd; /* very small increment*/
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}
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/*
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* The initial growth of cubic function may be too conservative
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* when the available bandwidth is still unknown.
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*/
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if (ca->last_max_cwnd == 0 && ca->cnt > 20)
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ca->cnt = 20; /* increase cwnd 5% per RTT */
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tcp_friendliness:
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/* TCP Friendly */
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if (tcp_friendliness) {
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__u32 scale = beta_scale;
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__u32 n;
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/* update tcp cwnd */
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delta = (cwnd * scale) >> 3;
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if (ca->ack_cnt > delta && delta) {
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n = ca->ack_cnt / delta;
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ca->ack_cnt -= n * delta;
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ca->tcp_cwnd += n;
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}
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if (ca->tcp_cwnd > cwnd) { /* if bic is slower than tcp */
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delta = ca->tcp_cwnd - cwnd;
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max_cnt = cwnd / delta;
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if (ca->cnt > max_cnt)
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ca->cnt = max_cnt;
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}
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}
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/* The maximum rate of cwnd increase CUBIC allows is 1 packet per
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* 2 packets ACKed, meaning cwnd grows at 1.5x per RTT.
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*/
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ca->cnt = max(ca->cnt, 2U);
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}
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/* Or simply use the BPF_STRUCT_OPS to avoid the SEC boiler plate. */
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void BPF_STRUCT_OPS(bpf_cubic_cong_avoid, struct sock *sk, __u32 ack, __u32 acked)
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{
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struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);
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struct bictcp *ca = inet_csk_ca(sk);
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if (!tcp_is_cwnd_limited(sk))
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return;
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if (tcp_in_slow_start(tp)) {
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if (hystart && after(ack, ca->end_seq))
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bictcp_hystart_reset(sk);
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acked = tcp_slow_start(tp, acked);
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if (!acked)
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return;
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}
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bictcp_update(ca, tp->snd_cwnd, acked);
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tcp_cong_avoid_ai(tp, ca->cnt, acked);
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}
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__u32 BPF_STRUCT_OPS(bpf_cubic_recalc_ssthresh, struct sock *sk)
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{
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const struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);
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struct bictcp *ca = inet_csk_ca(sk);
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ca->epoch_start = 0; /* end of epoch */
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/* Wmax and fast convergence */
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if (tp->snd_cwnd < ca->last_max_cwnd && fast_convergence)
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ca->last_max_cwnd = (tp->snd_cwnd * (BICTCP_BETA_SCALE + beta))
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/ (2 * BICTCP_BETA_SCALE);
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else
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ca->last_max_cwnd = tp->snd_cwnd;
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return max((tp->snd_cwnd * beta) / BICTCP_BETA_SCALE, 2U);
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}
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void BPF_STRUCT_OPS(bpf_cubic_state, struct sock *sk, __u8 new_state)
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{
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if (new_state == TCP_CA_Loss) {
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bictcp_reset(inet_csk_ca(sk));
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bictcp_hystart_reset(sk);
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}
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}
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#define GSO_MAX_SIZE 65536
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/* Account for TSO/GRO delays.
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* Otherwise short RTT flows could get too small ssthresh, since during
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* slow start we begin with small TSO packets and ca->delay_min would
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* not account for long aggregation delay when TSO packets get bigger.
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* Ideally even with a very small RTT we would like to have at least one
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* TSO packet being sent and received by GRO, and another one in qdisc layer.
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* We apply another 100% factor because @rate is doubled at this point.
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* We cap the cushion to 1ms.
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*/
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static __always_inline __u32 hystart_ack_delay(struct sock *sk)
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{
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unsigned long rate;
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rate = sk->sk_pacing_rate;
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if (!rate)
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return 0;
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return min((__u64)USEC_PER_MSEC,
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div64_ul((__u64)GSO_MAX_SIZE * 4 * USEC_PER_SEC, rate));
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}
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static __always_inline void hystart_update(struct sock *sk, __u32 delay)
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{
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struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);
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struct bictcp *ca = inet_csk_ca(sk);
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__u32 threshold;
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if (hystart_detect & HYSTART_ACK_TRAIN) {
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__u32 now = bictcp_clock_us(sk);
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/* first detection parameter - ack-train detection */
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if ((__s32)(now - ca->last_ack) <= hystart_ack_delta_us) {
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ca->last_ack = now;
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threshold = ca->delay_min + hystart_ack_delay(sk);
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/* Hystart ack train triggers if we get ack past
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* ca->delay_min/2.
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* Pacing might have delayed packets up to RTT/2
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* during slow start.
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*/
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if (sk->sk_pacing_status == SK_PACING_NONE)
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threshold >>= 1;
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if ((__s32)(now - ca->round_start) > threshold) {
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ca->found = 1;
|
|
tp->snd_ssthresh = tp->snd_cwnd;
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
if (hystart_detect & HYSTART_DELAY) {
|
|
/* obtain the minimum delay of more than sampling packets */
|
|
if (ca->curr_rtt > delay)
|
|
ca->curr_rtt = delay;
|
|
if (ca->sample_cnt < HYSTART_MIN_SAMPLES) {
|
|
ca->sample_cnt++;
|
|
} else {
|
|
if (ca->curr_rtt > ca->delay_min +
|
|
HYSTART_DELAY_THRESH(ca->delay_min >> 3)) {
|
|
ca->found = 1;
|
|
tp->snd_ssthresh = tp->snd_cwnd;
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
void BPF_STRUCT_OPS(bpf_cubic_acked, struct sock *sk,
|
|
const struct ack_sample *sample)
|
|
{
|
|
const struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);
|
|
struct bictcp *ca = inet_csk_ca(sk);
|
|
__u32 delay;
|
|
|
|
/* Some calls are for duplicates without timetamps */
|
|
if (sample->rtt_us < 0)
|
|
return;
|
|
|
|
/* Discard delay samples right after fast recovery */
|
|
if (ca->epoch_start && (__s32)(tcp_jiffies32 - ca->epoch_start) < HZ)
|
|
return;
|
|
|
|
delay = sample->rtt_us;
|
|
if (delay == 0)
|
|
delay = 1;
|
|
|
|
/* first time call or link delay decreases */
|
|
if (ca->delay_min == 0 || ca->delay_min > delay)
|
|
ca->delay_min = delay;
|
|
|
|
/* hystart triggers when cwnd is larger than some threshold */
|
|
if (!ca->found && tcp_in_slow_start(tp) && hystart &&
|
|
tp->snd_cwnd >= hystart_low_window)
|
|
hystart_update(sk, delay);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
extern __u32 tcp_reno_undo_cwnd(struct sock *sk) __ksym;
|
|
|
|
__u32 BPF_STRUCT_OPS(bpf_cubic_undo_cwnd, struct sock *sk)
|
|
{
|
|
return tcp_reno_undo_cwnd(sk);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
SEC(".struct_ops")
|
|
struct tcp_congestion_ops cubic = {
|
|
.init = (void *)bpf_cubic_init,
|
|
.ssthresh = (void *)bpf_cubic_recalc_ssthresh,
|
|
.cong_avoid = (void *)bpf_cubic_cong_avoid,
|
|
.set_state = (void *)bpf_cubic_state,
|
|
.undo_cwnd = (void *)bpf_cubic_undo_cwnd,
|
|
.cwnd_event = (void *)bpf_cubic_cwnd_event,
|
|
.pkts_acked = (void *)bpf_cubic_acked,
|
|
.name = "bpf_cubic",
|
|
};
|