540 lines
22 KiB
C++
540 lines
22 KiB
C++
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/*
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__ _ _ __ __ _ _ __ __ _ _ __ ___ ___
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/ _` | '__/ _` | '_ \ / _` | '__/ __|/ _ \ Argument Parser for Modern C++
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| (_| | | | (_| | |_) | (_| | | \__ \ __/ http://github.com/p-ranav/argparse
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\__,_|_| \__, | .__/ \__,_|_| |___/\___|
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|___/|_|
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Licensed under the MIT License <http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>.
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SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
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Copyright (c) 2019 Pranav Srinivas Kumar <pranav.srinivas.kumar@gmail.com>.
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Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
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of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
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in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
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to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
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copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
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furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
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The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
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copies or substantial portions of the Software.
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THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
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IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
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FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
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AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
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LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
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OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
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SOFTWARE.
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*/
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#pragma once
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#include <algorithm>
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#include <any>
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#include <functional>
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#include <iomanip>
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#include <iostream>
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#include <iterator>
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#include <list>
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#include <map>
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#include <memory>
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#include <numeric>
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#include <sstream>
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#include <stdexcept>
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#include <string>
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#include <type_traits>
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#include <vector>
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namespace argparse {
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namespace details { // namespace for helper methods
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template <typename... Ts> struct is_container_helper {};
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template <typename T, typename _ = void>
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struct is_container : std::false_type {};
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template <> struct is_container<std::string> : std::false_type {};
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template <typename T>
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struct is_container<
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T,
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std::conditional_t<false,
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is_container_helper<typename T::value_type,
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decltype(std::declval<T>().begin()),
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decltype(std::declval<T>().end()),
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decltype(std::declval<T>().size())>,
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void>> : public std::true_type {};
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template <typename T>
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static constexpr bool is_container_v = is_container<T>::value;
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template <typename T>
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using enable_if_container = std::enable_if_t<is_container_v<T>, T>;
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template <typename T>
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using enable_if_not_container = std::enable_if_t<!is_container_v<T>, T>;
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} // namespace
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class Argument {
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friend class ArgumentParser;
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public:
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Argument() = default;
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template <typename... Args>
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explicit Argument(Args... args)
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: mNames({std::move(args)...}), mIsOptional((is_optional(args) || ...)) {
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std::sort(
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mNames.begin(), mNames.end(), [](const auto &lhs, const auto &rhs) {
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return lhs.size() == rhs.size() ? lhs < rhs : lhs.size() < rhs.size();
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});
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}
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Argument &help(std::string aHelp) {
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mHelp = std::move(aHelp);
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return *this;
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}
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Argument &default_value(std::any aDefaultValue) {
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mDefaultValue = std::move(aDefaultValue);
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return *this;
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}
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Argument &required() {
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mIsRequired = true;
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return *this;
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}
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Argument &implicit_value(std::any aImplicitValue) {
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mImplicitValue = std::move(aImplicitValue);
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mNumArgs = 0;
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return *this;
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}
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Argument &action(std::function<std::any(const std::string &)> aAction) {
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mAction = std::move(aAction);
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return *this;
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}
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Argument &nargs(size_t aNumArgs) {
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mNumArgs = aNumArgs;
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return *this;
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}
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template <typename Iterator>
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Iterator consume(Iterator start, Iterator end, std::string usedName = {}) {
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if (mIsUsed) {
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throw std::runtime_error("Duplicate argument");
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}
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mIsUsed = true;
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mUsedName = std::move(usedName);
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if (mNumArgs == 0) {
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mValues.emplace_back(mImplicitValue);
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return start;
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} else if (mNumArgs <= static_cast<size_t>(std::distance(start, end))) {
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end = std::next(start, mNumArgs);
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if (std::any_of(start, end, Argument::is_optional)) {
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throw std::runtime_error("optional argument in parameter sequence");
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}
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std::transform(start, end, std::back_inserter(mValues), mAction);
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return end;
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} else if (mDefaultValue.has_value()) {
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return start;
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} else {
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throw std::runtime_error("Too few arguments");
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}
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}
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/*
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* @throws std::runtime_error if argument values are not valid
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*/
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void validate() const {
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if (mIsOptional) {
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if (mIsUsed && mValues.size() != mNumArgs && !mDefaultValue.has_value()) {
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std::stringstream stream;
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stream << mUsedName << ": expected " << mNumArgs
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<< " argument(s). " << mValues.size() << " provided.";
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throw std::runtime_error(stream.str());
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} else {
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// TODO: check if an implicit value was programmed for this argument
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if (!mIsUsed && !mDefaultValue.has_value() && mIsRequired) {
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std::stringstream stream;
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stream << mNames[0] << ": required.";
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throw std::runtime_error(stream.str());
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}
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if (mIsUsed && mIsRequired && mValues.size() == 0) {
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std::stringstream stream;
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stream << mUsedName << ": no value provided.";
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throw std::runtime_error(stream.str());
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}
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}
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} else {
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if (mValues.size() != mNumArgs && !mDefaultValue.has_value()) {
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std::stringstream stream;
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stream << mUsedName << ": expected " << mNumArgs
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<< " argument(s). " << mValues.size() << " provided.";
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throw std::runtime_error(stream.str());
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}
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}
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}
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size_t get_arguments_length() const {
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return std::accumulate(std::begin(mNames), std::end(mNames), size_t(0),
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[](const auto &sum, const auto &s) {
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return sum + s.size() +
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1; // +1 for space between names
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});
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}
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friend std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &stream,
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const Argument &argument) {
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std::stringstream nameStream;
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std::copy(std::begin(argument.mNames), std::end(argument.mNames),
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std::ostream_iterator<std::string>(nameStream, " "));
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stream << nameStream.str() << "\t" << argument.mHelp;
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if (argument.mIsRequired)
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stream << "[Required]";
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stream << "\n";
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return stream;
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}
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template <typename T> bool operator!=(const T &aRhs) const {
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return !(*this == aRhs);
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}
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/*
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* Entry point for template non-container types
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* @throws std::logic_error in case of incompatible types
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*/
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template <typename T>
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std::enable_if_t<!details::is_container_v<T>, bool> operator==(const T &aRhs) const {
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return get<T>() == aRhs;
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}
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/*
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* Template specialization for containers
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* @throws std::logic_error in case of incompatible types
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*/
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template <typename T>
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std::enable_if_t<details::is_container_v<T>, bool> operator==(const T &aRhs) const {
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using ValueType = typename T::value_type;
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auto tLhs = get<T>();
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if (tLhs.size() != aRhs.size())
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return false;
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else {
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return std::equal(std::begin(tLhs), std::end(tLhs), std::begin(aRhs),
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[](const auto &lhs, const auto &rhs) {
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return std::any_cast<const ValueType &>(lhs) == rhs;
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});
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}
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}
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private:
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static bool is_integer(const std::string &aValue) {
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if (aValue.empty() ||
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((!isdigit(aValue[0])) && (aValue[0] != '-') && (aValue[0] != '+')))
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return false;
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char *tPtr;
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strtol(aValue.c_str(), &tPtr, 10);
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return (*tPtr == 0);
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}
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static bool is_float(const std::string &aValue) {
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std::istringstream tStream(aValue);
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float tFloat;
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// noskipws considers leading whitespace invalid
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tStream >> std::noskipws >> tFloat;
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// Check the entire string was consumed
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// and if either failbit or badbit is set
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return tStream.eof() && !tStream.fail();
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}
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// If an argument starts with "-" or "--", then it's optional
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static bool is_optional(const std::string &aName) {
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return (!aName.empty() && aName[0] == '-' && !is_integer(aName) &&
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!is_float(aName));
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}
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static bool is_positional(const std::string &aName) {
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return !is_optional(aName);
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}
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/*
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* Getter for template non-container types
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* @throws std::logic_error in case of incompatible types
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*/
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template <typename T> details::enable_if_not_container<T> get() const {
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if (!mValues.empty()) {
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return std::any_cast<T>(mValues.front());
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}
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if (mDefaultValue.has_value()) {
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return std::any_cast<T>(mDefaultValue);
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}
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throw std::logic_error("No value provided");
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}
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/*
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* Getter for container types
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* @throws std::logic_error in case of incompatible types
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*/
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template <typename CONTAINER> details::enable_if_container<CONTAINER> get() const {
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using ValueType = typename CONTAINER::value_type;
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CONTAINER tResult;
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if (!mValues.empty()) {
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std::transform(
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std::begin(mValues), std::end(mValues), std::back_inserter(tResult),
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[](const auto &value) { return std::any_cast<ValueType>(value); });
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return tResult;
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}
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if (mDefaultValue.has_value()) {
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const auto &tDefaultValues =
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std::any_cast<const CONTAINER &>(mDefaultValue);
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std::transform(std::begin(tDefaultValues), std::end(tDefaultValues),
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std::back_inserter(tResult), [](const auto &value) {
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return std::any_cast<ValueType>(value);
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});
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return tResult;
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}
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throw std::logic_error("No value provided");
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}
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std::vector<std::string> mNames;
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std::string mUsedName;
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std::string mHelp;
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std::any mDefaultValue;
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std::any mImplicitValue;
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std::function<std::any(const std::string &)> mAction =
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[](const std::string &aValue) { return aValue; };
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std::vector<std::any> mValues;
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std::vector<std::string> mRawValues;
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size_t mNumArgs = 1;
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bool mIsOptional = false;
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bool mIsRequired = false;
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bool mIsUsed = false; // relevant for optional arguments. True if used by user
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public:
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static constexpr auto mHelpOption = "-h";
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static constexpr auto mHelpOptionLong = "--help";
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};
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class ArgumentParser {
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public:
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explicit ArgumentParser(std::string aProgramName = {})
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: mProgramName(std::move(aProgramName)) {
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add_argument(Argument::mHelpOption, Argument::mHelpOptionLong)
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.help("show this help message and exit")
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.nargs(0)
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.default_value(false)
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.implicit_value(true);
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}
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// Parameter packing
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// Call add_argument with variadic number of string arguments
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template <typename... Targs> Argument &add_argument(Targs... Fargs) {
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std::shared_ptr<Argument> tArgument =
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std::make_shared<Argument>(std::move(Fargs)...);
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if (tArgument->mIsOptional)
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mOptionalArguments.emplace_back(tArgument);
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else
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mPositionalArguments.emplace_back(tArgument);
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for (const auto &mName : tArgument->mNames) {
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mArgumentMap.insert_or_assign(mName, tArgument);
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}
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return *tArgument;
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}
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// Parameter packed add_parents method
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// Accepts a variadic number of ArgumentParser objects
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template <typename... Targs> void add_parents(Targs... Fargs) {
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const auto tNewParentParsers = {Fargs...};
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for (const auto &tParentParser : tNewParentParsers) {
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const auto &tPositionalArguments = tParentParser.mPositionalArguments;
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std::copy(std::begin(tPositionalArguments),
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std::end(tPositionalArguments),
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std::back_inserter(mPositionalArguments));
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const auto &tOptionalArguments = tParentParser.mOptionalArguments;
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std::copy(std::begin(tOptionalArguments), std::end(tOptionalArguments),
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std::back_inserter(mOptionalArguments));
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const auto &tArgumentMap = tParentParser.mArgumentMap;
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for (const auto &[tKey, tValue] : tArgumentMap) {
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mArgumentMap.insert_or_assign(tKey, tValue);
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}
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}
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std::move(std::begin(tNewParentParsers), std::end(tNewParentParsers),
|
||
|
|
std::back_inserter(mParentParsers));
|
||
|
|
}
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
/* Call parse_args_internal - which does all the work
|
||
|
|
* Then, validate the parsed arguments
|
||
|
|
* This variant is used mainly for testing
|
||
|
|
* @throws std::runtime_error in case of any invalid argument
|
||
|
|
*/
|
||
|
|
void parse_args(const std::vector<std::string> &aArguments) {
|
||
|
|
parse_args_internal(aArguments);
|
||
|
|
parse_args_validate();
|
||
|
|
}
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
/* Main entry point for parsing command-line arguments using this
|
||
|
|
* ArgumentParser
|
||
|
|
* @throws std::runtime_error in case of any invalid argument
|
||
|
|
*/
|
||
|
|
void parse_args(int argc, const char *const argv[]) {
|
||
|
|
std::vector<std::string> arguments;
|
||
|
|
std::copy(argv, argv + argc, std::back_inserter(arguments));
|
||
|
|
parse_args(arguments);
|
||
|
|
}
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
/* Getter enabled for all template types other than std::vector and std::list
|
||
|
|
* @throws std::logic_error in case of an invalid argument name
|
||
|
|
* @throws std::logic_error in case of incompatible types
|
||
|
|
*/
|
||
|
|
template <typename T = std::string> T get(const std::string &aArgumentName) {
|
||
|
|
auto tIterator = mArgumentMap.find(aArgumentName);
|
||
|
|
if (tIterator != mArgumentMap.end()) {
|
||
|
|
return tIterator->second->get<T>();
|
||
|
|
}
|
||
|
|
throw std::logic_error("No such argument");
|
||
|
|
}
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
/* Indexing operator. Return a reference to an Argument object
|
||
|
|
* Used in conjuction with Argument.operator== e.g., parser["foo"] == true
|
||
|
|
* @throws std::logic_error in case of an invalid argument name
|
||
|
|
*/
|
||
|
|
Argument &operator[](const std::string &aArgumentName) {
|
||
|
|
auto tIterator = mArgumentMap.find(aArgumentName);
|
||
|
|
if (tIterator != mArgumentMap.end()) {
|
||
|
|
return *(tIterator->second);
|
||
|
|
}
|
||
|
|
throw std::logic_error("No such argument");
|
||
|
|
}
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
// Printing the one and only help message
|
||
|
|
// I've stuck with a simple message format, nothing fancy.
|
||
|
|
// TODO: support user-defined help and usage messages for the ArgumentParser
|
||
|
|
std::string print_help() {
|
||
|
|
std::stringstream stream;
|
||
|
|
stream << std::left;
|
||
|
|
stream << "Usage: " << mProgramName << " [options] ";
|
||
|
|
size_t tLongestArgumentLength = get_length_of_longest_argument();
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
for (const auto &argument : mPositionalArguments) {
|
||
|
|
stream << argument->mNames.front() << " ";
|
||
|
|
}
|
||
|
|
stream << "\n\n";
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
if (!mPositionalArguments.empty())
|
||
|
|
stream << "Positional arguments:\n";
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
for (const auto &mPositionalArgument : mPositionalArguments) {
|
||
|
|
stream.width(tLongestArgumentLength);
|
||
|
|
stream << *mPositionalArgument;
|
||
|
|
}
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
if (!mOptionalArguments.empty())
|
||
|
|
stream << (mPositionalArguments.empty() ? "" : "\n")
|
||
|
|
<< "Optional arguments:\n";
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
for (const auto &mOptionalArgument : mOptionalArguments) {
|
||
|
|
stream.width(tLongestArgumentLength);
|
||
|
|
stream << *mOptionalArgument;
|
||
|
|
}
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
std::cout << stream.str();
|
||
|
|
return stream.str();
|
||
|
|
}
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
private:
|
||
|
|
/*
|
||
|
|
* @throws std::runtime_error in case of any invalid argument
|
||
|
|
*/
|
||
|
|
void parse_args_internal(const std::vector<std::string> &aArguments) {
|
||
|
|
if (mProgramName.empty() && !aArguments.empty()) {
|
||
|
|
mProgramName = aArguments.front();
|
||
|
|
}
|
||
|
|
auto end = std::end(aArguments);
|
||
|
|
auto positionalArgumentIt = std::begin(mPositionalArguments);
|
||
|
|
for (auto it = std::next(std::begin(aArguments)); it != end;) {
|
||
|
|
const auto &tCurrentArgument = *it;
|
||
|
|
if (tCurrentArgument == Argument::mHelpOption ||
|
||
|
|
tCurrentArgument == Argument::mHelpOptionLong) {
|
||
|
|
throw std::runtime_error("help called");
|
||
|
|
}
|
||
|
|
if (Argument::is_positional(tCurrentArgument)) {
|
||
|
|
if (positionalArgumentIt == std::end(mPositionalArguments)) {
|
||
|
|
throw std::runtime_error(
|
||
|
|
"Maximum number of positional arguments exceeded");
|
||
|
|
}
|
||
|
|
auto tArgument = *(positionalArgumentIt++);
|
||
|
|
it = tArgument->consume(it, end);
|
||
|
|
} else if (auto tIterator = mArgumentMap.find(tCurrentArgument);
|
||
|
|
tIterator != mArgumentMap.end()) {
|
||
|
|
auto tArgument = tIterator->second;
|
||
|
|
it = tArgument->consume(std::next(it), end, tCurrentArgument);
|
||
|
|
} else if (const auto &tCompoundArgument = tCurrentArgument;
|
||
|
|
tCompoundArgument.size() > 1 && tCompoundArgument[0] == '-' &&
|
||
|
|
tCompoundArgument[1] != '-') {
|
||
|
|
++it;
|
||
|
|
for (size_t j = 1; j < tCompoundArgument.size(); j++) {
|
||
|
|
auto iCurrentArgument = std::string{'-', tCompoundArgument[j]};
|
||
|
|
if (auto iIterator = mArgumentMap.find(iCurrentArgument);
|
||
|
|
iIterator != mArgumentMap.end()) {
|
||
|
|
auto tArgument = iIterator->second;
|
||
|
|
it = tArgument->consume(it, end, iCurrentArgument);
|
||
|
|
} else {
|
||
|
|
throw std::runtime_error("Unknown argument");
|
||
|
|
}
|
||
|
|
}
|
||
|
|
} else {
|
||
|
|
throw std::runtime_error("Unknown argument");
|
||
|
|
}
|
||
|
|
}
|
||
|
|
}
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
/*
|
||
|
|
* @throws std::runtime_error in case of any invalid argument
|
||
|
|
*/
|
||
|
|
void parse_args_validate() {
|
||
|
|
// Check if all arguments are parsed
|
||
|
|
std::for_each(std::begin(mArgumentMap), std::end(mArgumentMap),
|
||
|
|
[](const auto &argPair) {
|
||
|
|
const auto &tArgument = argPair.second;
|
||
|
|
tArgument->validate();
|
||
|
|
});
|
||
|
|
}
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
// Used by print_help.
|
||
|
|
size_t get_length_of_longest_argument() {
|
||
|
|
if (mArgumentMap.empty())
|
||
|
|
return 0;
|
||
|
|
std::vector<size_t> argumentLengths(mArgumentMap.size());
|
||
|
|
std::transform(std::begin(mArgumentMap), std::end(mArgumentMap),
|
||
|
|
std::begin(argumentLengths), [](const auto &argPair) {
|
||
|
|
const auto &tArgument = argPair.second;
|
||
|
|
return tArgument->get_arguments_length();
|
||
|
|
});
|
||
|
|
return *std::max_element(std::begin(argumentLengths),
|
||
|
|
std::end(argumentLengths));
|
||
|
|
}
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
std::string mProgramName;
|
||
|
|
std::vector<ArgumentParser> mParentParsers;
|
||
|
|
std::vector<std::shared_ptr<Argument>> mPositionalArguments;
|
||
|
|
std::vector<std::shared_ptr<Argument>> mOptionalArguments;
|
||
|
|
std::map<std::string, std::shared_ptr<Argument>> mArgumentMap;
|
||
|
|
};
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
#define PARSE_ARGS(parser, argc, argv) \
|
||
|
|
try { \
|
||
|
|
parser.parse_args(argc, argv); \
|
||
|
|
} catch (const std::runtime_error &err) { \
|
||
|
|
std::cout << err.what() << std::endl; \
|
||
|
|
parser.print_help(); \
|
||
|
|
exit(0); \
|
||
|
|
}
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
} // namespace argparse
|