59f4d65584
Apple defines a new "vmapple" machine type as part of its proprietary
macOS Virtualization.Framework vmm. This machine type is similar to the
virt one, but with subtle differences in base devices, a few special
vmapple device additions and a vastly different boot chain.
This patch reimplements this machine type in QEMU. To use it, you
have to have a readily installed version of macOS for VMApple,
run on macOS with -accel hvf, pass the Virtualization.Framework
boot rom (AVPBooter) in via -bios, pass the aux and root volume as pflash
and pass aux and root volume as virtio drives. In addition, you also
need to find the machine UUID and pass that as -M vmapple,uuid= parameter:
$ qemu-system-aarch64 -accel hvf -M vmapple,uuid=0x1234 -m 4G \
-bios /System/Library/Frameworks/Virtualization.framework/Versions/A/Resources/AVPBooter.vmapple2.bin
-drive file=aux,if=pflash,format=raw \
-drive file=root,if=pflash,format=raw \
-drive file=aux,if=none,id=aux,format=raw \
-device vmapple-virtio-blk-pci,variant=aux,drive=aux \
-drive file=root,if=none,id=root,format=raw \
-device vmapple-virtio-blk-pci,variant=root,drive=root
With all these in place, you should be able to see macOS booting
successfully.
Known issues:
- Currently only macOS 12 guests are supported. The boot process for
13+ will need further investigation and adjustment.
Signed-off-by: Alexander Graf <graf@amazon.com>
Co-authored-by: Phil Dennis-Jordan <phil@philjordan.eu>
Signed-off-by: Phil Dennis-Jordan <phil@philjordan.eu>
Reviewed-by: Akihiko Odaki <akihiko.odaki@daynix.com>
Tested-by: Akihiko Odaki <akihiko.odaki@daynix.com>
Message-ID: <20241223221645.29911-15-phil@philjordan.eu>
Signed-off-by: Philippe Mathieu-Daudé <philmd@linaro.org>
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.. _ARM-System-emulator:
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Arm System emulator
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-------------------
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QEMU can emulate both 32-bit and 64-bit Arm CPUs. Use the
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``qemu-system-aarch64`` executable to simulate a 64-bit Arm machine.
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You can use either ``qemu-system-arm`` or ``qemu-system-aarch64``
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to simulate a 32-bit Arm machine: in general, command lines that
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work for ``qemu-system-arm`` will behave the same when used with
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``qemu-system-aarch64``.
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QEMU has generally good support for Arm guests. It has support for
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nearly fifty different machines. The reason we support so many is that
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Arm hardware is much more widely varying than x86 hardware. Arm CPUs
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are generally built into "system-on-chip" (SoC) designs created by
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many different companies with different devices, and these SoCs are
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then built into machines which can vary still further even if they use
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the same SoC. Even with fifty boards QEMU does not cover more than a
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small fraction of the Arm hardware ecosystem.
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The situation for 64-bit Arm is fairly similar, except that we don't
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implement so many different machines.
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As well as the more common "A-profile" CPUs (which have MMUs and will
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run Linux) QEMU also supports "M-profile" CPUs such as the Cortex-M0,
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Cortex-M4 and Cortex-M33 (which are microcontrollers used in very
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embedded boards). For most boards the CPU type is fixed (matching what
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the hardware has), so typically you don't need to specify the CPU type
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by hand, except for special cases like the ``virt`` board.
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Choosing a board model
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======================
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For QEMU's Arm system emulation, you must specify which board
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model you want to use with the ``-M`` or ``--machine`` option;
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there is no default.
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Because Arm systems differ so much and in fundamental ways, typically
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operating system or firmware images intended to run on one machine
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will not run at all on any other. This is often surprising for new
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users who are used to the x86 world where every system looks like a
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standard PC. (Once the kernel has booted, most userspace software
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cares much less about the detail of the hardware.)
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If you already have a system image or a kernel that works on hardware
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and you want to boot with QEMU, check whether QEMU lists that machine
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in its ``-machine help`` output. If it is listed, then you can probably
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use that board model. If it is not listed, then unfortunately your image
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will almost certainly not boot on QEMU. (You might be able to
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extract the filesystem and use that with a different kernel which
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boots on a system that QEMU does emulate.)
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If you don't care about reproducing the idiosyncrasies of a particular
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bit of hardware, such as small amount of RAM, no PCI or other hard
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disk, etc., and just want to run Linux, the best option is to use the
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``virt`` board. This is a platform which doesn't correspond to any
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real hardware and is designed for use in virtual machines. You'll
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need to compile Linux with a suitable configuration for running on
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the ``virt`` board. ``virt`` supports PCI, virtio, recent CPUs and
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large amounts of RAM. It also supports 64-bit CPUs.
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Board-specific documentation
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============================
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..
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This table of contents should be kept sorted alphabetically
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by the title text of each file, which isn't the same ordering
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as an alphabetical sort by filename.
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.. toctree::
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:maxdepth: 1
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arm/integratorcp
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arm/mps2
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arm/musca
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arm/realview
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arm/sbsa
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arm/versatile
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arm/vexpress
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arm/aspeed
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arm/bananapi_m2u.rst
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arm/b-l475e-iot01a.rst
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arm/sabrelite
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arm/highbank
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arm/digic
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arm/cubieboard
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arm/emcraft-sf2
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arm/exynos
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arm/fby35
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arm/musicpal
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arm/kzm
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arm/nrf
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arm/nuvoton
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arm/imx25-pdk
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arm/mcimx6ul-evk
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arm/mcimx7d-sabre
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arm/imx8mp-evk
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arm/orangepi
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arm/raspi
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arm/collie
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arm/sx1
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arm/stellaris
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arm/stm32
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arm/virt
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arm/vmapple
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arm/xenpvh
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arm/xlnx-versal-virt
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arm/xlnx-zynq
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arm/xlnx-zcu102
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Emulated CPU architecture support
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=================================
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.. toctree::
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arm/emulation
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Arm CPU features
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================
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.. toctree::
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arm/cpu-features
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