Track parent testcase id, tuneable stage probabilistic settings (#1081)

* Added local event handlers

* clippy

* move tuned mutator to pow2

* Tunable updates

* parent ids

* no_std, etc

* windows

* remove local event manager handler

* maybe fix win

* win:

* win docs

* docs

* ASAN -> ASan

libafl/src/bolts/cli.rs

@@ -113,47 +113,47 @@ fn parse_instrumentation_location(
 )]
 #[allow(clippy::struct_excessive_bools)]
 pub struct FuzzerOptions {
-    /// timeout for each target execution (milliseconds)
+    /// Timeout for each target execution (milliseconds)
     #[arg(short, long, default_value = "1000", value_parser = parse_timeout, help_heading = "Fuzz Options")]
     pub timeout: Duration,
 
-    /// whether or not to print debug info
+    /// Whether or not to print debug info
     #[arg(short, long)]
     pub verbose: bool,
 
-    /// file to which all client output should be written
+    /// File to which all client output should be written
     #[arg(short, long, default_value = "/dev/null")]
     pub stdout: String,
 
-    /// the name of the configuration to use
+    /// The name of the configuration to use
     #[arg(long, default_value = "default configuration")]
     pub configuration: String,
 
-    /// enable Address Sanitizer (ASAN)
+    /// Enable Address Sanitizer (`ASan`)
     #[arg(short = 'A', long, help_heading = "Fuzz Options")]
     pub asan: bool,
 
-    /// Enable ASAN on each of the provided cores. Use 'all' to select all available
+    /// Enable `ASan` on each of the provided cores. Use 'all' to select all available
     /// cores. 'none' to run a client without binding to any core.
     /// ex: '1,2-4,6' selects the cores 1, 2, 3, 4, and 6.
     #[cfg(feature = "frida_cli")]
-    #[arg(long, default_value = "0", value_parser = Cores::from_cmdline, help_heading = "Cores that should use ASAN")]
+    #[arg(long, default_value = "0", value_parser = Cores::from_cmdline, help_heading = "Cores that should use ASan")]
     pub asan_cores: Cores,
 
-    /// number of fuzz iterations to perform
+    /// Number of fuzz iterations to perform
     #[arg(short = 'I', long, help_heading = "Fuzz Options", default_value = "0")]
     pub iterations: usize,
 
-    /// path to the harness
+    /// Path to the harness
     #[arg(short = 'H', long, help_heading = "Fuzz Options")]
     pub harness: Option<PathBuf>,
 
-    /// trailing arguments (after "--"); can be passed directly to the harness
+    /// Trailing arguments (after "`--`"); can be passed directly to the harness
     #[cfg(not(feature = "qemu_cli"))]
     #[arg(last = true, value_name = "HARNESS_ARGS")]
     pub harness_args: Vec<String>,
 
-    /// harness function to call
+    /// Harness function to call
     #[cfg(feature = "frida_cli")]
     #[arg(
         short = 'F',
@@ -163,12 +163,12 @@ pub struct FuzzerOptions {
     )]
     pub harness_function: String,
 
-    /// additional libraries to instrument
+    /// Additional libraries to instrument
     #[cfg(feature = "frida_cli")]
     #[arg(short, long, help_heading = "Frida Options")]
     pub libs_to_instrument: Vec<String>,
 
-    /// enable CmpLog instrumentation
+    /// Enable `CmpLog` instrumentation
     #[cfg_attr(
         feature = "frida_cli",
         arg(short = 'C', long, help_heading = "Frida Options")
@@ -179,85 +179,85 @@ pub struct FuzzerOptions {
     )]
     pub cmplog: bool,
 
-    /// Enable CmpLog on each of the provided cores. Use 'all' to select all available
+    /// Enable `CmpLog` on each of the provided cores. Use 'all' to select all available
     /// cores. 'none' to run a client without binding to any core.
     /// ex: '1,2-4,6' selects the cores 1, 2, 3, 4, and 6.
     #[cfg(feature = "frida_cli")]
     #[arg(long, default_value = "0", value_parser = Cores::from_cmdline, help_heading = "Frida Options")]
     pub cmplog_cores: Cores,
 
-    /// enable ASAN leak detection
+    /// Enable `ASan` leak detection
     #[cfg(feature = "frida_cli")]
-    #[arg(short, long, help_heading = "ASAN Options")]
+    #[arg(short, long, help_heading = "ASan Options")]
     pub detect_leaks: bool,
 
-    /// instruct ASAN to continue after a memory error is detected
+    /// Instruct `ASan` to continue after a memory error is detected
     #[cfg(feature = "frida_cli")]
-    #[arg(long, help_heading = "ASAN Options")]
+    #[arg(long, help_heading = "ASan Options")]
     pub continue_on_error: bool,
 
-    /// instruct ASAN to gather (and report) allocation-/free-site backtraces
+    /// Instruct `ASan` to gather (and report) allocation-/free-site backtraces
     #[cfg(feature = "frida_cli")]
-    #[arg(long, help_heading = "ASAN Options")]
+    #[arg(long, help_heading = "ASan Options")]
     pub allocation_backtraces: bool,
 
-    /// the maximum size that the ASAN allocator should allocate
+    /// The maximum size that the `ASan` allocator should allocate
     #[cfg(feature = "frida_cli")]
     #[arg(
         short,
         long,
         default_value = "1073741824",  // 1_usize << 30
-        help_heading = "ASAN Options"
+        help_heading = "ASan Options"
     )]
     pub max_allocation: usize,
 
-    /// the maximum total allocation size that the ASAN allocator should allocate
+    /// The maximum total allocation size that the `ASan` allocator should allocate
     #[cfg(feature = "frida_cli")]
     #[arg(
         short = 'M',
         long,
         default_value = "4294967296",  // 1_usize << 32
-        help_heading = "ASAN Options"
+        help_heading = "ASan Options"
     )]
     pub max_total_allocation: usize,
 
-    /// instruct ASAN to panic if the max ASAN allocation size is exceeded
+    /// Instruct `ASan` to panic if the max `ASan` allocation size is exceeded
     #[cfg(feature = "frida_cli")]
-    #[arg(long, help_heading = "ASAN Options")]
+    #[arg(long, help_heading = "ASan Options")]
     pub max_allocation_panics: bool,
 
-    /// disable coverage
+    /// Disable coverage
     #[cfg(feature = "frida_cli")]
     #[arg(long, help_heading = "Frida Options")]
     pub disable_coverage: bool,
 
-    /// enable DrCov (aarch64 only)
+    /// Enable `DrCov` (aarch64 only)
     #[cfg(feature = "frida_cli")]
     #[arg(long, help_heading = "Frida Options")]
     pub drcov: bool,
 
-    /// disable stalker.exclude() if true
+    /// Disable `stalker.exclude()` if `true`
-    /// It's better to disable this on windows or your harness uses c++ exception handling
+    /// It's better to disable this on Windows or your harness uses c++ exception handling
-    /// See https://github.com/AFLplusplus/LibAFL/issues/830
+    /// See <https://github.com/AFLplusplus/LibAFL/issues/830>
     #[cfg(feature = "frida_cli")]
     #[arg(long, help_heading = "Frida Options")]
     pub disable_excludes: bool,
 
-    /// locations which will not be instrumented for ASAN or coverage purposes (ex: mod_name@0x12345)
+    /// Locations which will not be instrumented for `ASan` or coverage purposes (ex: `mod_name@0x12345`)
     #[cfg(feature = "frida_cli")]
     #[arg(short = 'D', long, help_heading = "Frida Options", value_parser = parse_instrumentation_location)]
     pub dont_instrument: Vec<(String, usize)>,
 
-    /// trailing arguments (after "--"); can be passed directly to QEMU
+    /// Trailing arguments (after "`--`"); can be passed directly to QEMU
     #[cfg(feature = "qemu_cli")]
     #[arg(last = true)]
     pub qemu_args: Vec<String>,
 
-    /// paths to fuzzer token files (aka 'dictionaries')
+    /// Paths to fuzzer token files (aka 'dictionaries')
     #[arg(short = 'x', long, help_heading = "Fuzz Options")]
     pub tokens: Vec<PathBuf>,
 
-    /// input corpus directories
+    /// Input corpus directories
     #[arg(
         short,
         long,
@@ -266,7 +266,7 @@ pub struct FuzzerOptions {
     )]
     pub input: Vec<PathBuf>,
 
-    /// output solutions directory
+    /// Output solutions directory
     #[arg(
         short,
         long,
@@ -281,15 +281,15 @@ pub struct FuzzerOptions {
     #[arg(short = 'c', long, default_value = "0", value_parser = Cores::from_cmdline)]
     pub cores: Cores,
 
-    /// port on which the broker should listen
+    /// Port on which the broker should listen
     #[arg(short = 'p', long, default_value = "1337", value_name = "PORT")]
     pub broker_port: u16,
 
-    /// ip:port where a remote broker is already listening
+    /// `ip:port` where a remote broker is already listening
     #[arg(short = 'a', long, value_name = "REMOTE")]
     pub remote_broker_addr: Option<SocketAddr>,
 
-    /// path to file that should be sent to the harness for crash reproduction
+    /// Path to file that should be sent to the harness for crash reproduction
     #[arg(short, long, help_heading = "Replay Options")]
     pub replay: Option<PathBuf>,
 
@@ -305,7 +305,7 @@ pub struct FuzzerOptions {
 }
 
 impl FuzzerOptions {
-    /// given an `App`, add it to `FuzzerOptions` as a subcommand and return the resulting `App`
+    /// Given an `App`, add it to `FuzzerOptions` as a subcommand and return the resulting `App`
     ///
     /// # Examples
     ///
@@ -354,7 +354,7 @@ impl FuzzerOptions {
 
 /// Parse from `std::env::args_os()`, exit on error
 ///
-/// for more information, see the [cli](super::cli) documentation
+/// For more information, see the [cli](super::cli) documentation
 #[must_use]
 pub fn parse_args() -> FuzzerOptions {
     FuzzerOptions::parse()

libafl/src/bolts/mod.rs

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ pub mod staterestore;
 pub mod tuples;
 
 use alloc::{string::String, vec::Vec};
-use core::{iter::Iterator, time};
+use core::{iter::Iterator, ops::AddAssign, time};
 #[cfg(feature = "std")]
 use std::time::{SystemTime, UNIX_EPOCH};
 
@@ -216,6 +216,29 @@ pub fn format_duration_hms(duration: &time::Duration) -> String {
     format!("{}h-{}m-{}s", (secs / 60) / 60, (secs / 60) % 60, secs % 60)
 }
 
+/// Calculates the cumulative sum for a slice, in-place.
+/// The values are useful for example for cumulative probabilities.
+///
+/// So, to give an example:
+/// ```rust
+/// use libafl::bolts::calculate_cumulative_sum_in_place;
+///
+/// let mut value = [2, 4, 1, 3];
+/// calculate_cumulative_sum_in_place(&mut value);
+/// assert_eq!(&[2, 6, 7, 10], &value);
+/// ```
+pub fn calculate_cumulative_sum_in_place<T>(mut_slice: &mut [T])
+where
+    T: Default + AddAssign<T> + Copy,
+{
+    let mut acc = T::default();
+
+    for val in mut_slice {
+        acc += *val;
+        *val = acc;
+    }
+}
+
 /// A simple logger struct that logs to stderr when used with [`log::set_logger`].
 #[derive(Debug)]
 #[cfg(feature = "std")]

libafl/src/bolts/shmem.rs

@@ -1213,7 +1213,7 @@ pub mod win32_shmem {
         },
     };
 
-    /// The default Sharedmap impl for windows using shmctl & shmget
+    /// The default [`ShMem`] impl for Windows using `shmctl` & `shmget`
     #[derive(Clone)]
     pub struct Win32ShMem {
         id: ShMemId,

libafl/src/corpus/testcase.rs

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 
 use crate::{
     bolts::{serdeany::SerdeAnyMap, HasLen},
+    corpus::CorpusId,
     inputs::Input,
     state::HasMetadata,
     Error,
@@ -36,6 +37,8 @@ where
     fuzz_level: usize,
     /// If it has been fuzzed
     fuzzed: bool,
+    /// Parent [`CorpusId`], if known
+    parent_id: Option<CorpusId>,
 }
 
 impl<I> HasMetadata for Testcase<I>
@@ -183,20 +186,30 @@ where
 
     /// Create a new Testcase instance given an input
     #[inline]
-    pub fn new(input: I) -> Self {
+    pub fn new(mut input: I) -> Self {
-        let mut slf = Testcase {
+        input.wrapped_as_testcase();
+        Self {
             input: Some(input),
             ..Testcase::default()
-        };
+        }
-        slf.input.as_mut().unwrap().wrapped_as_testcase();
+    }
-        slf
+
+    /// Creates a testcase, attaching the id of the parent
+    /// that this [`Testcase`] was derived from on creation
+    pub fn with_parent_id(mut input: I, parent_id: CorpusId) -> Self {
+        input.wrapped_as_testcase();
+        Self {
+            input: Some(input),
+            parent_id: Some(parent_id),
+            ..Testcase::default()
+        }
     }
 
     /// Create a new Testcase instance given an [`Input`] and a `filename`
     #[inline]
     pub fn with_filename(mut input: I, filename: String) -> Self {
         input.wrapped_as_testcase();
-        Testcase {
+        Self {
             input: Some(input),
             filename: Some(filename),
             ..Testcase::default()
@@ -207,12 +220,28 @@ where
     #[inline]
     pub fn with_executions(mut input: I, executions: usize) -> Self {
         input.wrapped_as_testcase();
-        Testcase {
+        Self {
             input: Some(input),
             executions,
             ..Testcase::default()
         }
     }
+
+    /// Get the id of the parent, that this testcase was derived from
+    #[must_use]
+    pub fn parent_id(&self) -> Option<CorpusId> {
+        self.parent_id
+    }
+
+    /// Sets the id of the parent, that this testcase was derived from
+    pub fn set_parent_id(&mut self, parent_id: CorpusId) {
+        self.parent_id = Some(parent_id);
+    }
+
+    /// Sets the id of the parent, that this testcase was derived from
+    pub fn set_parent_id_optional(&mut self, parent_id: Option<CorpusId>) {
+        self.parent_id = parent_id;
+    }
 }
 
 impl<I> Default for Testcase<I>
@@ -231,6 +260,7 @@ where
             fuzz_level: 0,
             executions: 0,
             fuzzed: false,
+            parent_id: None,
         }
     }
 }
@@ -450,6 +480,11 @@ pub mod pybind {
             *self.inner.as_ref().executions()
         }
 
+        #[getter]
+        fn parent_id(&self) -> Option<usize> {
+            self.inner.as_ref().parent_id().map(|x| x.0)
+        }
+
         #[getter]
         fn fuzz_level(&self) -> usize {
             self.inner.as_ref().fuzz_level()

libafl/src/events/llmp.rs

@@ -309,11 +309,15 @@ where
     S: UsesInput,
     SP: ShMemProvider + 'static,
 {
+    /// The llmp client for inter process communication
     llmp: LlmpClient<SP>,
     /// The custom buf handler
     custom_buf_handlers: Vec<Box<CustomBufHandlerFn<S>>>,
     #[cfg(feature = "llmp_compression")]
     compressor: GzipCompressor,
+    /// The configuration defines this specific fuzzer.
+    /// A node will not re-use the observer values sent over `LLMP`
+    /// from nodes with other configurations.
     configuration: EventConfig,
     phantom: PhantomData<S>,
 }
@@ -1015,7 +1019,7 @@ where
                     }
                 };
 
-                // On windows (or in any case without fork), we spawn ourself again
+                // On Windows (or in any case without fork), we spawn ourself again
                 #[cfg(any(windows, not(feature = "fork")))]
                 let child_status = startable_self()?.status()?;
                 #[cfg(all(unix, not(feature = "fork")))]

libafl/src/events/simple.rs

@@ -499,7 +499,7 @@ where
                     }
                 };
 
-                // On windows (or in any case without forks), we spawn ourself again
+                // On Windows (or in any case without forks), we spawn ourself again
                 #[cfg(any(windows, not(feature = "fork")))]
                 let child_status = startable_self()?.status()?;
                 #[cfg(all(unix, not(feature = "fork")))]

libafl/src/executors/command.rs

@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ impl CommandConfigurator for StdCommandConfigurator {
                         debug_assert_eq!(arg, "DUMMY");
                         #[cfg(unix)]
                         cmd.arg(OsStr::from_bytes(input.target_bytes().as_slice()));
-                        // There is an issue here that the chars on windows are 16 bit wide.
+                        // There is an issue here that the chars on Windows are 16 bit wide.
                         // I can't really test it. Please open a PR if this goes wrong.
                         #[cfg(not(unix))]
                         cmd.arg(OsString::from_vec(input.target_bytes().as_vec()));

libafl/src/executors/inprocess.rs

@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ use crate::{
     fuzzer::HasObjective,
     inputs::UsesInput,
     observers::{ObserversTuple, UsesObservers},
-    state::{HasClientPerfMonitor, HasSolutions, UsesState},
+    state::{HasClientPerfMonitor, HasFuzzedCorpusId, HasSolutions, UsesState},
     Error,
 };
 
@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ where
     H: FnMut(&<S as UsesInput>::Input) -> ExitKind + ?Sized,
     HB: BorrowMut<H>,
     OT: ObserversTuple<S>,
-    S: HasSolutions + HasClientPerfMonitor,
+    S: HasSolutions + HasClientPerfMonitor + HasFuzzedCorpusId,
 {
     /// Create a new in mem executor.
     /// Caution: crash and restart in one of them will lead to odd behavior if multiple are used,
@@ -344,7 +344,7 @@ impl InProcessHandlers {
         E: Executor<EM, Z> + HasObservers,
         EM: EventFirer<State = E::State> + EventRestarter<State = E::State>,
         OF: Feedback<E::State>,
-        E::State: HasSolutions + HasClientPerfMonitor,
+        E::State: HasSolutions + HasClientPerfMonitor + HasFuzzedCorpusId,
         Z: HasObjective<Objective = OF, State = E::State>,
     {
         #[cfg(unix)]
@@ -543,7 +543,7 @@ pub fn run_observers_and_save_state<E, EM, OF, Z>(
     E: HasObservers,
     EM: EventFirer<State = E::State> + EventRestarter<State = E::State>,
     OF: Feedback<E::State>,
-    E::State: HasSolutions + HasClientPerfMonitor,
+    E::State: HasSolutions + HasClientPerfMonitor + HasFuzzedCorpusId,
     Z: HasObjective<Objective = OF, State = E::State>,
 {
     let observers = executor.observers_mut();
@@ -559,6 +559,7 @@ pub fn run_observers_and_save_state<E, EM, OF, Z>(
 
     if interesting {
         let mut new_testcase = Testcase::new(input.clone());
+        new_testcase.set_parent_id_optional(state.fuzzed_corpus_id());
         new_testcase.add_metadata(exitkind);
         fuzzer
             .objective_mut()
@@ -578,6 +579,9 @@ pub fn run_observers_and_save_state<E, EM, OF, Z>(
             .expect("Could not save state in run_observers_and_save_state");
     }
 
+    // We will start mutators from scratch after restart.
+    state.clear_fuzzed_corpus_id();
+
     event_mgr.on_restart(state).unwrap();
 
     log::info!("Waiting for broker...");
@@ -608,7 +612,7 @@ mod unix_signal_handler {
         feedbacks::Feedback,
         fuzzer::HasObjective,
         inputs::UsesInput,
-        state::{HasClientPerfMonitor, HasSolutions},
+        state::{HasClientPerfMonitor, HasFuzzedCorpusId, HasSolutions},
     };
 
     pub(crate) type HandlerFuncPtr =
@@ -667,7 +671,7 @@ mod unix_signal_handler {
         E: HasObservers,
         EM: EventFirer<State = E::State> + EventRestarter<State = E::State>,
         OF: Feedback<E::State>,
-        E::State: HasSolutions + HasClientPerfMonitor,
+        E::State: HasSolutions + HasClientPerfMonitor + HasFuzzedCorpusId,
         Z: HasObjective<Objective = OF, State = E::State>,
     {
         let old_hook = panic::take_hook();
@@ -708,7 +712,7 @@ mod unix_signal_handler {
         E: HasObservers,
         EM: EventFirer<State = E::State> + EventRestarter<State = E::State>,
         OF: Feedback<E::State>,
-        E::State: HasSolutions + HasClientPerfMonitor,
+        E::State: HasSolutions + HasClientPerfMonitor + HasFuzzedCorpusId,
         Z: HasObjective<Objective = OF, State = E::State>,
     {
         if !data.is_valid() {
@@ -751,7 +755,7 @@ mod unix_signal_handler {
         E: Executor<EM, Z> + HasObservers,
         EM: EventFirer<State = E::State> + EventRestarter<State = E::State>,
         OF: Feedback<E::State>,
-        E::State: HasSolutions + HasClientPerfMonitor,
+        E::State: HasSolutions + HasClientPerfMonitor + HasFuzzedCorpusId,
         Z: HasObjective<Objective = OF, State = E::State>,
     {
         #[cfg(all(target_os = "android", target_arch = "aarch64"))]
@@ -859,7 +863,7 @@ pub mod windows_asan_handler {
         feedbacks::Feedback,
         fuzzer::HasObjective,
         inputs::UsesInput,
-        state::{HasClientPerfMonitor, HasSolutions},
+        state::{HasClientPerfMonitor, HasFuzzedCorpusId, HasSolutions},
     };
 
     /// # Safety
@@ -869,7 +873,7 @@ pub mod windows_asan_handler {
         E: Executor<EM, Z> + HasObservers,
         EM: EventFirer<State = E::State> + EventRestarter<State = E::State>,
         OF: Feedback<E::State>,
-        E::State: HasSolutions + HasClientPerfMonitor,
+        E::State: HasSolutions + HasClientPerfMonitor + HasFuzzedCorpusId,
         Z: HasObjective<Objective = OF, State = E::State>,
     {
         let mut data = &mut GLOBAL_STATE;
@@ -968,7 +972,7 @@ mod windows_exception_handler {
         feedbacks::Feedback,
         fuzzer::HasObjective,
         inputs::UsesInput,
-        state::{HasClientPerfMonitor, HasSolutions},
+        state::{HasClientPerfMonitor, HasFuzzedCorpusId, HasSolutions},
     };
 
     pub(crate) type HandlerFuncPtr =
@@ -1007,7 +1011,7 @@ mod windows_exception_handler {
         E: HasObservers,
         EM: EventFirer<State = E::State> + EventRestarter<State = E::State>,
         OF: Feedback<E::State>,
-        E::State: HasSolutions + HasClientPerfMonitor,
+        E::State: HasSolutions + HasClientPerfMonitor + HasFuzzedCorpusId,
         Z: HasObjective<Objective = OF, State = E::State>,
     {
         let old_hook = panic::take_hook();
@@ -1066,7 +1070,7 @@ mod windows_exception_handler {
         E: HasObservers,
         EM: EventFirer<State = E::State> + EventRestarter<State = E::State>,
         OF: Feedback<E::State>,
-        E::State: HasSolutions + HasClientPerfMonitor,
+        E::State: HasSolutions + HasClientPerfMonitor + HasFuzzedCorpusId,
         Z: HasObjective<Objective = OF, State = E::State>,
     {
         let data: &mut InProcessExecutorHandlerData =
@@ -1127,7 +1131,7 @@ mod windows_exception_handler {
         E: Executor<EM, Z> + HasObservers,
         EM: EventFirer<State = E::State> + EventRestarter<State = E::State>,
         OF: Feedback<E::State>,
-        E::State: HasSolutions + HasClientPerfMonitor,
+        E::State: HasSolutions + HasClientPerfMonitor + HasFuzzedCorpusId,
         Z: HasObjective<Objective = OF, State = E::State>,
     {
         // Have we set a timer_before?

libafl/src/fuzzer/mod.rs

@@ -23,7 +23,10 @@ use crate::{
     schedulers::Scheduler,
     stages::StagesTuple,
     start_timer,
-    state::{HasClientPerfMonitor, HasCorpus, HasExecutions, HasMetadata, HasSolutions, UsesState},
+    state::{
+        HasClientPerfMonitor, HasCorpus, HasExecutions, HasFuzzedCorpusId, HasMetadata,
+        HasSolutions, UsesState,
+    },
     Error,
 };
 
@@ -327,7 +330,7 @@ where
     F: Feedback<CS::State>,
     OF: Feedback<CS::State>,
     OT: ObserversTuple<CS::State> + Serialize + DeserializeOwned,
-    CS::State: HasCorpus + HasSolutions + HasClientPerfMonitor + HasExecutions,
+    CS::State: HasCorpus + HasSolutions + HasClientPerfMonitor + HasExecutions + HasFuzzedCorpusId,
 {
     /// Evaluate if a set of observation channels has an interesting state
     fn process_execution<EM>(
@@ -384,6 +387,7 @@ where
 
                 // Add the input to the main corpus
                 let mut testcase = Testcase::with_executions(input.clone(), *state.executions());
+                testcase.set_parent_id_optional(state.fuzzed_corpus_id());
                 self.feedback_mut()
                     .append_metadata(state, observers, &mut testcase)?;
                 let idx = state.corpus_mut().add(testcase)?;
@@ -417,6 +421,7 @@ where
 
                 // The input is a solution, add it to the respective corpus
                 let mut testcase = Testcase::with_executions(input, *state.executions());
+                testcase.set_parent_id_optional(state.fuzzed_corpus_id());
                 self.objective_mut()
                     .append_metadata(state, observers, &mut testcase)?;
                 state.solutions_mut().add(testcase)?;
@@ -442,7 +447,7 @@ where
     OT: ObserversTuple<CS::State> + Serialize + DeserializeOwned,
     F: Feedback<CS::State>,
     OF: Feedback<CS::State>,
-    CS::State: HasCorpus + HasSolutions + HasClientPerfMonitor + HasExecutions,
+    CS::State: HasCorpus + HasSolutions + HasClientPerfMonitor + HasExecutions + HasFuzzedCorpusId,
 {
     /// Process one input, adding to the respective corpora if needed and firing the right events
     #[inline]
@@ -475,7 +480,7 @@ where
     F: Feedback<CS::State>,
     OF: Feedback<CS::State>,
     OT: ObserversTuple<CS::State> + Serialize + DeserializeOwned,
-    CS::State: HasCorpus + HasSolutions + HasClientPerfMonitor + HasExecutions,
+    CS::State: HasCorpus + HasSolutions + HasClientPerfMonitor + HasExecutions + HasFuzzedCorpusId,
 {
     /// Process one input, adding to the respective corpora if needed and firing the right events
     #[inline]
@@ -513,6 +518,7 @@ where
 
         // Add the input to the main corpus
         let mut testcase = Testcase::with_executions(input.clone(), *state.executions());
+        testcase.set_parent_id_optional(state.fuzzed_corpus_id());
         self.feedback_mut()
             .append_metadata(state, observers, &mut testcase)?;
         let idx = state.corpus_mut().add(testcase)?;
@@ -546,7 +552,7 @@ where
     EM: ProgressReporter + EventProcessor<E, Self, State = CS::State>,
     F: Feedback<CS::State>,
     OF: Feedback<CS::State>,
-    CS::State: HasClientPerfMonitor + HasExecutions + HasMetadata,
+    CS::State: HasClientPerfMonitor + HasExecutions + HasMetadata + HasFuzzedCorpusId,
     ST: StagesTuple<E, EM, CS::State, Self>,
 {
     fn fuzz_one(
@@ -571,9 +577,15 @@ where
         #[cfg(feature = "introspection")]
         state.introspection_monitor_mut().reset_stage_index();
 
+        // Set the parent id - all new testcases will have this id as parent in the following stages.
+        state.set_fuzzed_corpus_id(idx);
+
         // Execute all stages
         stages.perform_all(self, executor, state, manager, idx)?;
 
+        // Reset the parent id
+        state.clear_fuzzed_corpus_id();
+
         // Init timer for manager
         #[cfg(feature = "introspection")]
         state.introspection_monitor_mut().start_timer();

libafl/src/mutators/tuneable.rs

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 
 pub use crate::mutators::{mutations::*, token_mutations::*};
 use crate::{
-    bolts::rands::Rand,
+    bolts::{calculate_cumulative_sum_in_place, rands::Rand},
     impl_serdeany,
     mutators::{
         ComposedByMutations, MutationId, MutationResult, Mutator, MutatorsTuple, ScheduledMutator,
@@ -33,10 +33,12 @@ pub struct TuneableScheduledMutatorMetadata {
     /// Will not be used when `mutation_ids` are set.
     /// Clear to fall back to random.
     pub mutation_probabilities_cumulative: Vec<f32>,
-    /// The count of total mutations to perform.
+    /// The count of mutations to stack.
     /// If `mutation_ids` is of length `10`, and this number is `20`,
     /// the mutations will be iterated through twice.
     pub iters: Option<u64>,
+    /// The probability of each number of mutations to stack.
+    pub iter_probabilities_pow_cumulative: Vec<f32>,
 }
 
 impl Default for TuneableScheduledMutatorMetadata {
@@ -46,6 +48,7 @@ impl Default for TuneableScheduledMutatorMetadata {
             next_id: 0.into(),
             mutation_probabilities_cumulative: Vec::default(),
             iters: None,
+            iter_probabilities_pow_cumulative: Vec::default(),
         }
     }
 }
@@ -138,11 +141,27 @@ where
 {
     /// Compute the number of iterations used to apply stacked mutations
     fn iterations(&self, state: &mut S, _: &I) -> u64 {
-        if let Some(iters) = TuneableScheduledMutator::get_iters(state) {
+        let metadata = TuneableScheduledMutatorMetadata::get_mut(state).unwrap();
-            iters
+
+        if metadata.iter_probabilities_pow_cumulative.is_empty() {
+            if let Some(iters) = metadata.iters {
+                iters
+            } else {
+                // fall back to random
+                1 << (1 + state.rand_mut().below(self.max_stack_pow))
+            }
         } else {
-            // fall back to random
+            // We will sample using the mutation probabilities.
-            1 << (1 + state.rand_mut().below(self.max_stack_pow))
+            // Doing this outside of the original if branch to make the borrow checker happy.
+            #[allow(clippy::cast_precision_loss)]
+            let coin = state.rand_mut().next() as f32 / u64::MAX as f32;
+
+            let metadata = TuneableScheduledMutatorMetadata::get_mut(state).unwrap();
+            1 << (1 + metadata
+                .iter_probabilities_pow_cumulative
+                .iter()
+                .position(|i| *i >= coin)
+                .unwrap())
         }
     }
 
@@ -229,6 +248,27 @@ where
     pub fn set_iters(state: &mut S, iters: u64) {
         let metadata = Self::metadata_mut(state);
         metadata.iters = Some(iters);
+        metadata.iter_probabilities_pow_cumulative.clear();
+    }
+
+    /// Sets the probability of next iteration counts,
+    /// i.e., how many times the mutation is likely to get mutated.
+    ///
+    /// So, setting the `iter_probabilities` to `vec![0.1, 0.7, 0.2]`
+    /// would apply 2^one mutation with the likelihood of 10%, 2^2 mutations with the
+    /// a probability of 70% (0.7), and 2^3 mutations with the likelihood of 20%.
+    /// These will be applied for each call of this `mutate` function.
+    ///
+    /// Setting this function will unset everything previously set in `set_iters`.
+    pub fn set_iter_probabilities_pow(state: &mut S, iter_probabilities_pow: Vec<f32>) {
+        let metadata = Self::metadata_mut(state);
+        metadata.iters = None;
+
+        // we precalculate the cumulative probability to be faster when sampling later.
+        let mut iter_probabilities_pow_cumulative = iter_probabilities_pow;
+        calculate_cumulative_sum_in_place(&mut iter_probabilities_pow_cumulative);
+
+        metadata.iter_probabilities_pow_cumulative = iter_probabilities_pow_cumulative;
     }
 
     /// Gets the set amount of iterations
@@ -254,13 +294,7 @@ where
 
         // we precalculate the cumulative probability to be faster when sampling later.
         let mut mutation_probabilities_cumulative = mutation_probabilities;
-        let mut acc = 0.0;
+        calculate_cumulative_sum_in_place(&mut mutation_probabilities_cumulative);
-
-        for probability in &mut mutation_probabilities_cumulative {
-            let l = *probability;
-            *probability += acc;
-            acc += l;
-        }
 
         metadata.mutation_probabilities_cumulative = mutation_probabilities_cumulative;
     }

libafl/src/stages/push/mutational.rs

@@ -21,7 +21,9 @@ use crate::{
     observers::ObserversTuple,
     schedulers::Scheduler,
     start_timer,
-    state::{HasClientPerfMonitor, HasCorpus, HasExecutions, HasMetadata, HasRand},
+    state::{
+        HasClientPerfMonitor, HasCorpus, HasExecutions, HasFuzzedCorpusId, HasMetadata, HasRand,
+    },
     Error, EvaluatorObservers, ExecutionProcessor, HasScheduler,
 };
 
@@ -88,8 +90,14 @@ where
     EM: EventFirer<State = CS::State> + EventRestarter + HasEventManagerId + ProgressReporter,
     M: Mutator<CS::Input, CS::State>,
     OT: ObserversTuple<CS::State>,
-    CS::State:
+    CS::State: HasFuzzedCorpusId
-        HasClientPerfMonitor + HasCorpus + HasRand + HasExecutions + HasMetadata + Clone + Debug,
+        + HasClientPerfMonitor
+        + HasCorpus
+        + HasRand
+        + HasExecutions
+        + HasMetadata
+        + Clone
+        + Debug,
     Z: ExecutionProcessor<OT, State = CS::State>
         + EvaluatorObservers<OT>
         + HasScheduler<Scheduler = CS>,
@@ -136,6 +144,8 @@ where
             return None;
         }
 
+        let idx = self.current_corpus_idx.unwrap();
+        state.set_fuzzed_corpus_id(idx);
         start_timer!(state);
         let mut input = state
             .corpus()
@@ -169,7 +179,7 @@ where
         last_input: <CS::State as UsesInput>::Input,
         exit_kind: ExitKind,
     ) -> Result<(), Error> {
-        // todo: isintersting, etc.
+        // todo: is_interesting, etc.
 
         fuzzer.process_execution(state, event_mgr, last_input, observers, &exit_kind, true)?;
 
@@ -178,6 +188,7 @@ where
             .post_exec(state, self.stage_idx, self.current_corpus_idx)?;
         mark_feature_time!(state, PerfFeature::MutatePostExec);
         self.testcases_done += 1;
+        state.clear_fuzzed_corpus_id();
 
         Ok(())
     }
@@ -201,8 +212,14 @@ where
     EM: EventFirer + EventRestarter + HasEventManagerId + ProgressReporter<State = CS::State>,
     M: Mutator<CS::Input, CS::State>,
     OT: ObserversTuple<CS::State>,
-    CS::State:
+    CS::State: HasClientPerfMonitor
-        HasClientPerfMonitor + HasCorpus + HasRand + HasExecutions + HasMetadata + Clone + Debug,
+        + HasCorpus
+        + HasRand
+        + HasExecutions
+        + HasMetadata
+        + Clone
+        + Debug
+        + HasFuzzedCorpusId,
     Z: ExecutionProcessor<OT, State = CS::State>
         + EvaluatorObservers<OT>
         + HasScheduler<Scheduler = CS>,

libafl/src/state/mod.rs

@@ -60,6 +60,21 @@ pub trait HasCorpus: UsesInput {
     fn corpus_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Self::Corpus;
 }
 
+/// Trait for a state that has information about which [`CorpusId`]
+/// is currently being fuzzed.
+/// When a new interesting input was found, this value becomes the `parent_id`.
+pub trait HasFuzzedCorpusId {
+    /// The currently fuzzed [`CorpusId`], if known.
+    /// If a new interesting testcase was found, this should usually become the `parent_id`.
+    fn fuzzed_corpus_id(&self) -> Option<CorpusId>;
+
+    /// Sets the currently fuzzed [`CorpusId`].
+    fn set_fuzzed_corpus_id(&mut self, corpus_id: CorpusId);
+
+    /// Resets the currently fuzzed [`CorpusId`].
+    fn clear_fuzzed_corpus_id(&mut self);
+}
+
 /// Interact with the maximum size
 pub trait HasMaxSize {
     /// The maximum size hint for items and mutations returned
@@ -192,6 +207,8 @@ pub struct StdState<I, C, R, SC> {
     named_metadata: NamedSerdeAnyMap,
     /// MaxSize testcase size for mutators that appreciate it
     max_size: usize,
+    /// The [`CorpusId`] of the testcase we're currently fuzzing.
+    fuzzed_corpus_id: Option<CorpusId>,
     /// Performance statistics for this fuzzer
     #[cfg(feature = "introspection")]
     introspection_monitor: ClientPerfMonitor,
@@ -257,6 +274,20 @@ where
     }
 }
 
+impl<I, C, R, SC> HasFuzzedCorpusId for StdState<I, C, R, SC> {
+    fn fuzzed_corpus_id(&self) -> Option<CorpusId> {
+        self.fuzzed_corpus_id
+    }
+
+    fn set_fuzzed_corpus_id(&mut self, fuzzed_corpus_id: CorpusId) {
+        self.fuzzed_corpus_id = Some(fuzzed_corpus_id);
+    }
+
+    fn clear_fuzzed_corpus_id(&mut self) {
+        self.fuzzed_corpus_id = None;
+    }
+}
+
 impl<I, C, R, SC> HasSolutions for StdState<I, C, R, SC>
 where
     I: Input,
@@ -694,6 +725,7 @@ where
             corpus,
             solutions,
             max_size: DEFAULT_MAX_SIZE,
+            fuzzed_corpus_id: None,
             #[cfg(feature = "introspection")]
             introspection_monitor: ClientPerfMonitor::new(),
             #[cfg(feature = "std")]

libafl_cc/build.rs

@@ -266,7 +266,7 @@ pub const LIBAFL_CC_LLVM_VERSION: Option<usize> = None;
     if cfg!(windows) {
         cxxflags.push(String::from("-fuse-ld=lld"));
         cxxflags.push(String::from("/LD"));
-        /* clang on windows links against the libcmt.lib runtime
+        /* clang on Windows links against the libcmt.lib runtime
          * however, the distributed binaries are compiled against msvcrt.lib
          * we need to also use msvcrt.lib instead of libcmt.lib when building the optimization passes
          * first, we tell clang-cl (and indirectly link) to ignore libcmt.lib via -nodefaultlib:libcmt

libafl_qemu/src/executor.rs

@@ -13,7 +13,10 @@ use libafl::{
     fuzzer::HasObjective,
     inputs::UsesInput,
     observers::{ObserversTuple, UsesObservers},
-    state::{HasClientPerfMonitor, HasCorpus, HasExecutions, HasSolutions, State, UsesState},
+    state::{
+        HasClientPerfMonitor, HasCorpus, HasExecutions, HasFuzzedCorpusId, HasSolutions, State,
+        UsesState,
+    },
     Error,
 };
 
@@ -64,7 +67,12 @@ where
     where
         EM: EventFirer<State = S> + EventRestarter<State = S>,
         OF: Feedback<S>,
-        S: State + HasExecutions + HasCorpus + HasSolutions + HasClientPerfMonitor,
+        S: State
+            + HasExecutions
+            + HasCorpus
+            + HasSolutions
+            + HasClientPerfMonitor
+            + HasFuzzedCorpusId,
         Z: HasObjective<Objective = OF, State = S>,
     {
         Ok(Self {

libafl_targets/src/windows_asan.rs

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ use libafl::{
     events::{EventFirer, EventRestarter},
     executors::{inprocess::windows_asan_handler::asan_death_handler, Executor, HasObservers},
     feedbacks::Feedback,
-    state::{HasClientPerfMonitor, HasSolutions},
+    state::{HasClientPerfMonitor, HasFuzzedCorpusId, HasSolutions},
     HasObjective,
 };
 
@@ -15,20 +15,24 @@ extern "C" {
     fn __sanitizer_set_death_callback(cb: CB);
 }
 
+/// Setup `ASan` callback on windows
+///
+/// This is needed to intercept `ASan` error exit.
+///
+/// When we use `AddressSanitizer` on Windows, the crash handler is not called when `ASan` detects an error
+/// This is because, on linux, `ASan` runtime raises `SIGABRT` so we can rely on the signal handler
+/// but on Windows it simply calls `TerminateProcess`.
+/// so we need to call the API by `ASan` to register the callback when `ASan` is about to finish the process.
+/// See <https://github.com/AFLplusplus/LibAFL/issues/769>.
+///
 /// # Safety
-/// Setup asan callback on windows
+/// Calls the unsafe `__sanitizer_set_death_callback` symbol, but should be safe to call otherwise.
-// See https://github.com/AFLplusplus/LibAFL/issues/769
-// This is needed to intercept asan error exit
-// When we use AddressSanitizer on windows, the crash handler is not called when ASAN detects an error
-// This is because, on linux, ASAN runtime raises SIGABRT so we can rely on the signal handler
-// but on windows it simply calls TerminateProcess.
-// so we need to call the api by asan to register the callback when asan is about to finish the process.
 pub unsafe fn setup_asan_callback<E, EM, OF, Z>(_executor: &E, _event_mgr: &EM, _fuzzer: &Z)
 where
     E: Executor<EM, Z> + HasObservers,
     EM: EventFirer<State = E::State> + EventRestarter<State = E::State>,
     OF: Feedback<E::State>,
-    E::State: HasSolutions + HasClientPerfMonitor,
+    E::State: HasSolutions + HasClientPerfMonitor + HasFuzzedCorpusId,
     Z: HasObjective<Objective = OF, State = E::State>,
 {
     __sanitizer_set_death_callback(asan_death_handler::<E, EM, OF, Z>);